{"id":6890,"date":"2018-07-17T17:26:59","date_gmt":"2018-07-17T21:26:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.monsffa.ca\/?p=6890"},"modified":"2018-07-17T17:26:59","modified_gmt":"2018-07-17T21:26:59","slug":"jupiters-got-twelve-new-moons-one-is-a-bit-of-a-problem-child","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.monsffa.ca\/?p=6890","title":{"rendered":"Jupiter\u2019s Got Twelve New Moons \u2014 One is a Bit of a Problem Child"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Jupiter\u2019s Got Twelve New Moons \u2014 One is a Bit of a Problem Child<\/h4>\n
By Erika K. Carlson<\/a> \u00a0|\u00a0 Published: Tuesday, July 17, 2018<\/div>\n
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\"NewJupiterMoonOrbits\"<\/a>
The orbits of the twelve newly discovered moons of Jupiter are shown here in bold. One moon is located in the outer group but orbits in the opposite direction.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Jupiter\u2019s family has really grown since Galileo first recorded<\/a> its four largest moons in 1610.<\/p>\n

On Tuesday, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) announced the discovery of 10 new moons orbiting Jupiter. Along with two found through the same research project but announced in June 2017, this brings the roster of Jupiter\u2019s known natural satellites<\/a> to 79.<\/p>\n

One of these new moons turned out to be a bit of a rebel. Of the 12 latest moons to join Jupiter\u2019s family, it\u2019s a maverick whose odd orbit may give astronomers crucial insights to understanding how the moons of Jupiter came to be.<\/p>\n

Two Birds with One \u2018Scope<\/strong>
\nThe discovery of these moons came from a totally different search for new solar system bodies. Astronomer Scott Sheppard of the Carnegie Institution for Science is on the hunt for Planet Nine<\/a>, a hypothetical planet many astronomers think should exist in the distant reaches of our Solar System, beyond Pluto. He and his team have been photographing the skies with some of today\u2019s best telescope technology, hoping to catch sight of this mysterious ninth planet.<\/p>\n

In the spring of 2017, Jupiter happened to be in an area of sky the team wanted to search for Planet Nine. Sheppard, who is broadly interested in the formation of solar systems and has been involved in the discovery of 48 of Jupiter\u2019s known moons, realized this was the perfect opportunity to advance two separate research goals with the same telescope data.<\/p>\n

The Blanco 4-meter telescope<\/a> Sheppard was using is uniquely suited to spotting potential new moons both because the camera<\/a> installed on it can photograph a huge area of sky at once and because it\u2019s particularly good at blocking stray light from bright objects nearby \u2014 say, Jupiter \u2014 that might wash out fainter ones.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s allowed us to cover the whole area around Jupiter in a few shots, unlike before, and we\u2019re able to go fainter than people have been able to go before,\u201d says Sheppard.<\/p>\n

Once the Blanco telescope spotted previously unidentified objects near Jupiter, the research team used other telescopes to follow up on these moon candidates and confirm that they were orbiting Jupiter.<\/p><\/div>\n

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\"Valetudo\"<\/a>
Jupiter\u2019s moon Valetudo (pointed out with orange bars) moves relative to background stars in these images taken with the Magellan Telescopes at the Las Campanas Observatory. Jupiter is not in the frame and is off to the upper left.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
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On a Collision Course<\/strong>
\nOne moon in particular caught the researchers\u2019 attention.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe most interesting find is this object we\u2019re calling Valetudo,\u201d Sheppard says. \u201cIt\u2019s like it\u2019s going down the highway in the wrong direction.\u201d<\/p>\n

Of the 79 moons now known, most orbit in the same direction as other moons nearest them. The moons closer to Jupiter, including the four Galilean satellites, orbit Jupiter in the same direction as the planet\u2019s rotation \u2014 astronomers call this a prograde orbit. The outer moons move in the opposite direction \u2014 a retrograde orbit.<\/p>\n

Eleven of the twelve new moons follow these conventions, but Valetudo is the odd one out. It\u2019s out where the outer, retrograde moons are, but it\u2019s orbiting Jupiter in the prograde direction, driving into the oncoming traffic.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

READ MORE<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n